Can Macs do whatever Windows can?

I’ve been using Windows forever but now I’m really thinking about buying a 13” MacBook Pro as my new laptop. I’d like to know what to expect, what the differences are between the two OSs. What are the pros and cons? Are all video,audio and picture files compatible with the Mac OS? How long will it take for me to adjust to the new Mac environment? When is the new MacBook Pro likely to come out?

PS: I’m familiar with Apple other products since I own 2 iPods, an iPhone 4 and an iPad 2 but I’ve never even touched a Mac computer so I’m kinda hesitant.