What happens to an answer if it is moderated?

How would I know if one of my answers is moderated? Would I get a notification? Would I get the opportunity to revise it, as I would if it was a question? Also would it always show as “moderated” on the answers page?

The reason I ask is because I wrote a fairly long answer to this question but it has completely vanished. There is no indication that my answer was ever there, it doesn’t say “response moderated (off-topic)” or anything like that, it’s just not there at all any more.