Can someone help me with a first time turntable setup?

Alright, so recently I found about a dozen old LPs and EPs from when my dad still used his turntable. I also just bought a new White Stripes when I was at the Third Man Record Store in Nashville. The issue is, I don’t own a turntable!

So I was wondering if you guys/gals could suggest (and help me out) with my endeavor into vinyl music. I am only in high school, so funds are limited. I would like a decent rig that can convert LPs into less lossy files (WAV, AIFF, ALAC, FLAC, that sorta thing). I would like to spend between one and two hundred dollars if possible (sound quality matters, but this is my first record player, it doesn’t have to be immaculate). Any help is appreciated!

P.S.) I will be mostly music from the mid-sixties to the present, (however, I do like older genres quite a bit too) is it necessary to get a 78 RPM able table?