How can I tell if damage to my tree trunk is due to birds or termites?

I have a Juniper tree and I noticed that the trunk has a lot of suface little holes on the trunk, but only where there are branches. Some of the little holes are being filled in by the tree with sap. Now below the branch parts there are no holes. So I wonder if maybe it is birds pecking on the tree. The bark is soft in some parts. I believe the tree is a Juniper. The bark peels off. Other than the holes the tree looks very healthy. When I first moved here it was looking sickly but I gave it some tlc and it is doing great.