Can food pass through you that fast?

I’m having a debate with someone.

Say you’re eating a meal, and within the hour, you develop “digestive issues” that send you hurtling for the nearest restroom. You haven’t eaten anything since that morning, and it’s now late evening, and the meal you’ve just eaten would normally be questionable anyway.

Is it possible that the food you’ve just eaten, knowing it wasn’t bad (going by sight, smell, and of course taste), could’ve made you ill that fast?