What is the best way to synchronize a directory tree over USB, from a Windows XP computer to an unrooted Android phone?

For straight file syncing, I would try Microsoft SyncToy

But I prefer Salling Media Sync. However it depends on iTunes’ music library and Adobe Photoshop Elements’ photo organizer. It actually reads the playlists and photo albums, and lets you selectively sync each one.

SyncToy

Salling

Thank you, @jaytkay , Microsoft SyncToy looks like it might be exactly what I was seeking. I will read the details now and try it out. I’m hoping that having Android at the remote end is not going to prevent this tool for doing what I need it to do.

A just took a quick look at Google for rsync for Android and it looks like there are some rsync clients available for Android. Apparently rsyncd for Windows exists as well.
Do you prefer to not use rsync for some reason?

@koanhead My only objection to rsync is that appeared to me to require a rooted phone.

I tried SyncToy last night and it worked perfectly. This is exactly what I was seeking!