Can you think of a demonstration for the following theory?

Take an empty fish bowl blow smoke in it and rotate it. I think it may work.
The smoke will be the atmosphere and the bottom will be the earth… I think…
Or… take a bowl and fill it with water, place a smaller bowl in that bowl and rotate that, the outside could be the atmosphere the small bowl will be the earth… it that does not help than make punch in the bigger bowl.

I don’t think thats true. So you can’t prove it. For example even if there is absolutely no wind. The air above you could heat up and subsequently start rising. That will cause the other air particles to start moving too.

Gravity and friction. Air near the earth’s surface is much denser than it is at higher altitudes, and air pressure always descreases with height. At the surface, gravity “attaches” the heavier air to the ground, so to speak. Lower atmosphere levels are sensible to viscous interaction, so ground movement causes air movement. Thanks to viscousous friction, the air goes along for the ride and follows the earth’s rotation.

It’s cool to think that the only thing between us and space is gas, wow!

Oops, you asked for a demonstration, but I gave you an explanation. Sorry about that!

I think I’d just point to my own two feet, which are planted quite firmly. I don’t hover above the ground; if I stand still, I won’t end up in another part of the country as the earth rotates beneath me. It’s the same thing for the air, matter that surrounds us in the form of a very sparse liquid.

@antimatter The atmosphere is multi-layered, and the air that we breathe is located in the lowest layer—the troposphere. The troposphere is approximately 20 km (11 miles) deep at the equator and about 7 km (4.3 miles) deep at the poles. When you consider that our supply of breathable, life-sustaining air is so shallow, don’t pollution and resource abuse seem even more frightening?

Stick a ball on a stick and rotate that ball in a bowl of water.

It’s an easy experiment to duplicate. Look at an ice cube. There you go. That’s what the Earth will be like when there is no wind.

Wind comes from air being heated (mostly by the Sun, but to some extent from the Earth’s own core in the form of volcanoes and hot springs, and some of Man’s activity, too) and rising, and then cooling again and falling. That, plus the Coriolis effect which makes it swirl, and land masses being heated unevenly because of cloud and plant cover makes wind, makes weather, and enables us to live.

When the Sun burns out, then Earth will be an ice cube. No wind, no air or water movement (no liquid water in any case) ... and no one to care, either.

Your theory is flawed, since it contains a logical fallacy: it is a circulus in probando.

Since wind is – I think – defined as movement of air seen from the point of view of someone on the ground, your theory is self-contained. There can only be no wind if no air moves from the perspective of the observer on the ground.

So the demonstration that you look for is to create an earth-like object and create a wind-free environment, for instance a liquid around a solid sphere on board of a spaceship. The liquid would be your atmosphere, cohesion would be your gravity and the bowl would be your earth.

It would be a pointless experiment though, since to make it wind free you have to make sure that the liquid matches the rotation you give the sphere.

The Coriolis effect of the movement of the earth is one of the 4 prime movers of wind activity, the others being pressure gradients, temperature gradients, and friction.

Depends what you mean by “air which is above me”. A buoyant toy balloon will blow with the wind, if any. Simply follow its movement. Or observe a plume of smoke emanating upward from a chimney.

It should be obvious that if the Earth’s atmosphere didn’t rotate with the planet, then we should expect surface winds at hurricane-force velocities in temperate latitudes and actually supersonic at the equator. This does not appear to be the case.

Put some air into a ballon. Tie a string to the balloon and monitor it closely on a calm day. If there is a breeze, subtract the wind speed. The balloon will most likely stay put as the Earth spins.