Is the concept of "purgatory" based on anything in the Bible?

I was raised Catholic, but I don’t remember ever hearing any reading during mass that referred to Purgatory. In fact, the only thing I’ve ever heard about it is from Dante’s Divine Comedy. I don’t even know if it’s a concept that non-Catholic Christians believe in. So is there anything in the Bible that actually makes mention of a place repentant souls go after death, to serve time in pain or torture, before being allowed into Heaven? If so, can you give me the chapter/verse?