Can someone explain to me (in simple terms) this aspect of animal reproduction [see details]?

What I’m confused about is animals who have sexual intercourse but lay eggs, like turtles and birds.

I know that fertilization takes place during intercourse, but how soon after that are eggs laid? Does the egg only develop a hard shell after fertilization?

And am I mistaken in thinking that some animals lay their eggs first, and then the male fertilizes them (frogs, maybe)?

I’m not a science person by any means, so links to sites full of technical language won’t help me.

Thanks in advance!