Are Americans put in danger to some extent or another by furlough?

https://www.politico.com/latest-news-updates/government-shutdown-2018 I don’t know why it says 2018 the search result says 2019
Are the TSA (for example essential services?) excluded from the furlough and if so what other are excluded?
Even non citizen employees are protected from abuse by employer, aren’t they? Isn’t this a human rights issue?
Edited to add.